Shivaji Maharaj, born on February 19, 1630, in the hill fort of Shivneri, near Junnar in Pune district, was named Shivaji Bhonsle. He was born into the Bhonsle Maratha clan of the Bhonsle dynasty.
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Shivaji Maharaj is renowned for establishing the Maratha Empire, which played a significant role in Indian history, particularly in the context of resisting Mughal dominance in the Indian subcontinent.
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He was a brilliant military strategist and is often considered one of the greatest warriors of his time. He utilized guerrilla warfare tactics and innovative military techniques to challenge the powerful Mughal Empire.
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Shivaji was known for his extensive fortification of strategic hill forts, including Raigad, Pratapgad, and Sinhagad, which played crucial roles in his military campaigns and resistance against foreign powers.
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Recognizing the importance of naval power, Shivaji built a formidable navy to protect the Konkan coast and establish control over maritime trade routes. He is credited with creating a strong naval force that posed a challenge to European powers in the region.
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Shivaji was known for his policy of religious tolerance. He respected all faiths and ensured the protection of religious freedom for his subjects, earning him admiration and support from people of diverse backgrounds.
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He was crowned as Chhatrapati (emperor) of the Maratha Empire in 1674 at Raigad Fort, assuming the title of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. His coronation marked the formal establishment of his empire.
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Shivaji implemented efficient administrative reforms, including a decentralized administrative system with a council of ministers, revenue collection system, and promotion of local self-government, which contributed to the stability and prosperity of his empire.
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Shivaji Maharaj's legacy as a brave and visionary leader continues to inspire generations. His principles of self-governance, military prowess, and valor have earned him reverence as a symbol of Maratha pride and Indian nationalism.
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1. Shivaji Maharaj died on April 3, 1680, at the age of 50. After his death, his son, Sambhaji, succeeded him as the ruler of the Maratha Empire, continuing his father's legacy of resistance against foreign powers.
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